Hodder, Frank Heywood, in Pittman, Captain Philip. include your descendency. Even with this, I suggest that you check with each tribe concerning their identity. Please note that he arrived in Kaskaskia in 1729 or 1730, so his earlier occupations reflect his work in France and lower Louisiana, respectively. However, stripped of this embellishment, the story of the Illini's decline is a chilling indication of how the European presence, regardless of purpose or intention, unleashed destructive forces upon North America's native peoples which reached far beyond the immediate areas of their colonization. ), Pierre Paquette (?-1836) and Therese Creely (1798-1864), Theodore Lupient (?-?)
This is an amazing resource. At that time M. Diron d’Artaguiette (the inspector general of Louisiana) counted 64 habitants (farmers who were also usually heads of household), 37 married woman, and 54 children.18 This brings the total to 155 people, but does not count Jesuit priests, engages, coureurs du bois, Indians, or slaves. Today Kaskaskia holds few hints of its former glory and importance: the old church bell, the remains of the fort, the Pierre Menard home, a few historical markers, and the relocated cemetery. The Illinois Country—Lost and Found: Assessment of the Archaeological Remains of French Settlements in the Central Mississippi River Valley, 1703-1763. sign the guest book and
For additional historical information concerning both the Kaskaskia and the Illiniwek Confederation, visit Bob Festers The Illini Confederation: Lords of the Mississippi. 62.
20.
The town exported many tons of flour annually to the growing cities of the Louisiana colony.25 Jean Baptiste Creely himself delivered one thousand pounds of flour to New Orleans in 1746.26 “The habitant [of Kaskaskia] never fertilized his fields, tilled them carelessly, frequently lost entire crops by flood or drouth [sic], and still produced enough grain year after year to send large quantities down the river to the settlements of lower Louisiana. 30. p.
Photo taken from Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois (1915), v.1, p. 314.
History. This arrangement would continue well into the 1710’s. 60. C lay on an eighteenth century trail to Ste. Among these was Kaskaskia, which he captured without firing a single shot on 4 July 1778.49 The townspeople responded positively to the Americans at first,50 probably in reaction to the neglect they received at the hands of the British. You will also want to read The Prairie Nations Page: Hodges Handbook: 1910. Obviously, though, the increase was insignificant. 77. In Kansas, the renamed Peoria were given farm implements, as foreign to them as the land itself. and Cecilia Creely (1820-?
206.)) "Illinois," in The Encyclopaedia Britannica,11th edition (1910), v. XIV, p. 309. The first wave of French immigrant men had long ended. Even with this, I suggest that you check with each tribe concerning their identity. The permanent residents of Kaskaskia during its earliest period were mostly farmers and traders.
The governor of St. Clair County, General Arthur St. Clair (the county's namesake) "found the inhabitants generally in a deplorable condition, neglected by the Government, the courts of justice practically abolished and many citizens sadly in need of the obligations due them from the Government for supplies furnished to Colonel Clark twelve years before" (p. 254). None seemed to have had families. Of the twenty-seven holidays, only two to five would have likely been celebrated by their Protestant neighbors. Photo taken from Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois (1915), v. 2, p. 315.
Kaskaskia has almost finished its slide into oblivion that it begun in the 1820’s when the state capital was moved elsewhere.
((Marest’s Letter, Kip.
Kaskaskia, Illinois History. ), Francois J. Creely (1792-1855?)
Just because historians say a tribe is a "sub-tribe," does not mean the tribe has ever defined themselves in that manner.
), Joseph Ménard (?-1835) and Aurore Creely (1795-1878), Michel Creely (1803-1854) and Angelique Wimet (?-1844), Michel Creely (1803-1854) and Mary Mercier (1820-?
The Census Tables for the French Colony of Louisiana from 1699 Through 1732. Bob is not only an award winning researcher, but was also very nice to me when I first started looking for my Kaskaskia ancestry.
Illinois Indians, Illinois Confederacy (Iliniwek, front ilini ‘man’, iw ‘is’, ek plural termination, changed by the French to ois).A confederacy of Algonquian tribes, formerly occupying south Wisconsin, northern Illinois, and sections of Iowa and Missouri, comprising the Cahokia, Kaskaskia, Michigamea, Moingwena, Peoria, and Tamaroa.
The number of white children under the age of 12 is not given. In this treaty, the Confederacy ceded all lands the tribes held in Illinois. 84.
Marie Rouensa was born c1677 to Chief Rouensa and an unknown mother. Like its Philadelphia counterpart, the bell today is cracked and cannot be rung. In 1930 there were 100 inhabitants.88 Thereafter, I do not have verifiable population numbers until the 1990 census89 (32 inhabitants)90 and the 2000 census, which showed 9 people.91 Not much remains of Old Kaskaskia today. Clearly, it wasn’t hard for a town of several hundred people to feed the entire colony in a prosperous year.
The first non-soldier Americans arrived in 1779: Shadrick Bond, David Guise, Laton White, and Josiah Ryan (Alvord, p. 421). 2000 census Kaskaskia Village Fact Sheet; Kilborn, p. A15. 1.
An 1852 book (Western Portraiture, and Emigrants' Guide: A Description of Wisconsin, by Daniel S. Curtiss and Joseph Parish Thompson) says that an alternate name for the Kaskaskia River was the Okau River.
The conversion of those important members of the Kaskaskia tribe also set in motion an important French policy in North America – making tribes dependent upon the French.
), Pierre Payan dit St. Onge (1775-1855) and Elizabeth Creely (1780-1872), Antoine Creely (1822-1898) and Felicite Claire Le Fevre (1823-1872), Bernard Fortin (?-?)
Before you leave, please
Territorial statehouse of Illinois, as it appeared in 1900.
See also Belting, p. 15-16. 1698-1776), Jean Baptiste Creely (?- abt. With the Treaty of Paris (1763) and the end of the French and Indian War, France lost all of its North American territory east of the Mississippi River, including Kaskaskia.
The first newspaper in the state—The Illinois Herald—was published at Kaskaskia in 1814.69 A branch of the state-backed Bank of Illinois was established in the city.70 Trade exploded, and the presence of the territorial capital brought the best men of early Illinois to the town. Louisiana Historical Quarterly, volume 15, no. Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois, v. 2, p. 503. 79.
As Americans moved into Kaskaskia in droves,58 the native Kaskaskians found themselves at odds with the newcomers who had a different language,59 religion, civic heritage,60 national identity, holidays,61 and customs.62,63 Whatever the reason, the late 1780's and early 1790's were a time of great change and unrest in Kaskaskia and Illinois, and the Frenchmen probably had very compelling reasons to leave en masse. This is a direct link to the Kaskaskia Entry from Hodges Handbook: 1910. When recalled to Michilimackinac, about 1699, he left the Fathers Bineteau and Pinet in charge of the different branches of the original establishment, and with them labored Gabriel Marest, who seems to have been particularly associated with the Kaskaskia tribe. 17. Date unknown (mid- or late 19th century). Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois, v. 1, p. 396.
86.
General Thomas Gage—who would later command British forces at the Battles of Lexington and Concord—lists 903 whites and blacks in Kaskaskia in 1767.47 Gage didn’t count Indians, but in 1752 there were only 75 in Kaskaskia,48 which means that there were probably around 1,000 people total in the town, despite the departure of some of its citizens. However, the numbers are confusing in their presentation because she later lists 87 legitimate children and 14 bastard children—obvious not enough to account for the full 190. The brief period (1809-1818) that Kaskaskia was the capital was the height of the town's glory. Maduell, Charles R., Jr. River, met the Kaskaskia at the Big Muddy River in present day Franklin County. The slide towards irrelevancy began immediately, as is apparent in the 1825 county census, where 617 people were recorded,75,76 although the town still had enough notoriety to warrant a visit from Lafayette.77 In the 1850 census (the next year for which there are individual numbers for Kaskaskia),78 there were only 486 people living in the town—the lowest in over a century. Jean Baptiste Creely (1758-1833), the grandson of the original Jean Baptiste Creely, didn’t leave until 1790 or 1791. Norris, p. 194.
By the turn of the nineteenth century, though, English names appear in the vast majority of records. . The Destruction of the Kaskaskia
The 1830 and 1840 federal censuses exist for all of Randolph County, but they do not show which residents are in Kaskaskia and which live elsewhere in the county. I do not know whether this is because none were taken or because they’ve been lost. Another paper would be established in Kaskaskia in 1819 (v. 2, p. 577). The Pierre Menard home at the base of Fort Kaskaskia State Park is today a museum. Polyanthos: New Orleans, LA, 1948, p. 10-12. E-mail: Kaskaskia Descendants
The second incoming wave of French farmers was ending and by the 1730’s the growth of Kaskaskia’s white population was almost completely due to natural increase.23 This was a drastic change from the mission period, during which population growth was mostly from immigration.24 During this period in Kaskaskia’s history the town started to develop as the bread basket of the Louisiana colony, due to the difficulty of growing wheat in the Mississippi delta area. See Belting, p. 68-77 for an excellent depiction of French Kaskaskian culture. sign the guest book and
Homes were blessed, newborn children baptized, marriages performed, corpses buried, and holidays were celebrated under the auspices of the parish. Display at Fort Kaskaskia State Park.
It can easily be proved incomplete.” The census numbers are shown on the same page. 57. In addition, this is a direct link to the Illinois Entry from Hodges Handbook: 1910. History Kaskaskia Tribe & Illinois Nation Before you go on to a more detailed reading of the history of the Kaskaskia, take a look at the History of the Indians in the Illinois area in the Context of Cultural and Political Events of the Time.You also need an understanding of the Tribes and Sub-tribes in the area.Even with this, I suggest that you check with each tribe concerning their identity. Webmaster: Carol "Khaki" Scott
They even sent their petitions to the English-speaking government in French (although, probably out of necessity instead of arrogance).
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